This table provides metadata for the actual indicator available from Kenya statistics closest to the corresponding global SDG indicator. Please note that even when the global SDG indicator is fully available from Kenyan statistics, this table should be consulted for information on national methodology and other Kenyan-specific metadata information.
| Goal |
Goal 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels |
|---|---|
| Target |
Target 16.3 Promote the rule of law at the national and international levels and ensure equal access to justice for all |
| Indicator |
Indicator 16.3.3: Proportion of the population who have experienced a dispute in the past two years and who accessed a formal or informal dispute resolution mechanism, by type of mechanism Proportion of the population who have experienced a dispute in the past two years and who accessed a formal or informal dispute resolution mechanism, by type of mechanism |
| Metadata update |
2024 |
| Related indicators |
16.5, 16.6, 16.9, 4.5, 5.1, 8.5, 8.8, 10.3 |
| Organisation |
Kenya National Bureau of Statistics |
| Contact person(s) |
Senior Manager, Social Statistics |
| Contact organisation unit |
Social Statistics Division |
| Contact person function |
Collect, compile, analyze and disseminate statistics on governance, peace and security; gender, education and health. |
| Contact phone |
+254735004401, +254202911000, +254202911001 |
| Contact mail |
P.O. BOX 30266-00100 NAIROBI |
| Contact email |
dpss@knbs.or.ke |
| Definition and concepts |
Definition: The number of people who experienced dispute and accessed a formal or informal dispute resolution mechanism, as a percentage of all those who experienced a dispute by type of mechanism. Concepts: A justiciable problem between individuals or between individual(s) and an entity is a dispute. Justiciable problems can be seen as the ones giving rise to legal issues, whether or not the problems are perceived as being “legal” by those who face them, and whether or not any legal action was taken as a result of the problem. Several categories of disputes have been considered in Kenya depending on social, economic, political, legal, institutional and cultural factors. |
| Unit of measure |
Per cent |
| Classifications |
None |
| Data sources |
Section QB: Household Justice; Question QB03 from the 2015/16 Kenya Integrated Household Budget Survey |
| Data collection method |
The 2015/16 KIHBS sample was drawn from the fifth National Sample Survey and Evaluation Programme (NASSEP V) household sampling frame. The frame consisted of 5,360 clusters split into four equal sub-samples. The clusters in the frame were drawn from approximately 96,000 enumeration areas (EAs) of the 2009 Kenya Population and Housing Census. The frame was stratified into urban and rural areas within each of 47 counties resulting in 92 sampling strata with Nairobi city and Mombasa counties being wholly urban. The sample size was determined independently for each county, resulting in a national sample of 24,000 households. This sample was further distributed to the urban and rural strata. The sampling for the survey was done in three stages. In the first stage, a total of 2,400 clusters (988 in urban and 1,412 in rural areas) were sampled from NASSEP V sampling frame while the second stage involved selection of 16 households from each of the clusters. The third stage involved the sub-sampling of 10 households (from the 16 households) for the main KIHBS with the remaining 6 earmarked for the Continuous Household Survey Programme (CHSP). Further, five households from each cluster were randomly selected among the 10 KIHBS households for the administration of diaries. To capture seasonality, the 2015/16 KIHBS sample was divided into four quarters (a consecutive 3-month period). Each of the 2,400 clusters were randomly assigned into a quarter to generate nationally representative quarterly samples of approximately 600 clusters that could be analysed independently. Data was collected by the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics through standardized questionnaires administered by research assistants. The household heads or the most knowledgeable respondents were asked Question QB03 on whether they or their household experienced any grievances/disputes in the past 2 years in the list provided in QB02 [Including those that started more than 2 years ago and were concluded in the past 2 years. |
| Data collection calendar |
Every 5 years |
| Data release calendar |
2024/25 |
| Data providers |
Kenya National Bureau of Statistics |
| Data compilers |
Kenya National Bureau of Statistics |
| Institutional mandate |
The Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) is established under the Statistics Act, 2006 as the principal agency of the Government for collecting, analyzing and disseminating statistical data in Kenya as the custodian of official statistical information and promoting effective statistical coordination of the National Statistical System (NSS). |
| Rationale |
It is broadly concerned with “the ability of people to defend and enforce their rights and obtain just resolution of justiciable problems in compliance with human rights standards; if necessary, through impartial formal or informal institutions of justice and with appropriate legal support.” The rationale of this indicator is to focus on one step of the process and in particular on the accessibility of justice institutions and mechanisms (both formal and informal) by those who have experienced a justiciable problem. The indicator can provide important information about the overall accessibility of civil justice institutions and processes, barriers, and reasons for exclusion of some people. The disaggregation by type of dispute resolution mechanism provides additional information about the channels used by citizens in need of enforcing or defending their rights |
| Comment and limitations |
A major challenge is that the concept of dispute (justiciable problem) is subject to different interpretations and the propensity to consider a disagreement or conflict in terms of a justiciable problem can vary greatly across individuals and between societies. This can be addressed by only focusing on disputes that can be considered justiciable in nature across most countries in order to maximize comparability across different legal systems. Identifying possible dispute resolution mechanisms can be a challenge since dispute resolution mechanisms vary considerably in different countries around the world thereby limiting comparability. The share of the population experiencing the disputes under investigation can be of relatively small size and this can influence the statistical significance of results |
| Method of computation |
Computed as the Number of persons who experienced a dispute during the past two years who accessed a formal or informal dispute resolution mechanism (numerator), divided by the number of those who experienced a dispute in the past two years minus those who are voluntarily self-excluded (denominator). The result would be multiplied by: Both numerator and denominator are measured through sample surveys of the general population. |
| Validation |
The data for the indicator is collected through Household Surveys conducted by KNBS in compliance with survey protocols. Data producers are encouraged to strictly follow the data quality practices, protocols and frameworks in relation of data quality. In addition to the data, the metadata which serves as one additional layer of validation and verification of the data is also reported as recommended for global reporting. Metadata for survey-based indicators are assessed in relation to the representativeness and coverage of the survey as well as alignment of question wording and answer options with international standards. Before publication by KNBS, a standardised “pre-publication process” is implemented, where national stakeholders can verify and review the data before publication. |
| Methods and guidance available to countries for the compilation of the data at the national level |
There is clear documentation done by Kenya National Bureau of Statistics on the methods and procedures employed in the 2015-2016 Kenya Integrated Household Budget Survey. |
| Quality management |
KNBS maintains quality of data by investing much in data collectors training. Once the data collectors understand their roles well, it is easy for them to obtain the required data from the respondent. The data collected is validated at different level to ascertain its validity and quality. |
| Quality assurance |
The KNBS adheres to Kenya Statistical Quality Assurance Framework (KesQAF) that underlines principles to be assured in managing the statistical production processes and output. Data consistency and quality checks are conducted through Technical Working Groups (TWGs) before publication and dissemination. |
| Quality assessment |
The KNBS adheres to KesQAF, ISO 9001:2015 and the Statistics Act 2006 and 2019 hence ensuring production of quality products and services. |
| Data availability and disaggregation |
Data availability: Data available at National and County level Time series: 2015-2016 Disaggregation: Disaggregated by residence and county |
| Comparability/deviation from international standards |
None |
| References and Documentation |
URl: https://www.knbs.or.ke/download/popular-version-201516-kenya-integrated-household-budget-survey-kihbs-reports/ References: Kenya Integrated Household Budget Survey (KIHBS) |
| Metadata last updated | Aug 28, 2025 |