This table provides metadata for the actual indicator available from Kenya statistics closest to the corresponding global SDG indicator. Please note that even when the global SDG indicator is fully available from Kenyan statistics, this table should be consulted for information on national methodology and other Kenyan-specific metadata information.
| Goal |
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable] |
|---|---|
| Target |
By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums] |
| Indicator |
Proportion of urban population living in slums, informal settlements or inadequate housing] |
| Metadata update |
2023 |
| Related indicators |
Direct relation 1.1.1; 1.1.2; 6.1.1 Access to Improved Water; 6.2.1 Access to Improved Sanitation; 7.1.1 Access to Electricity; 8.3.1 Informal Employment; 8.5.2 Unemployment Rate 8.6.1 Youth Unemployment; 10.2.1 Population below Median Income; 10.1.1 Grow rates of the poorest 40%; 11.2.1 Public Transit Stop Coverage; 11.5.1 Population Affected by Hazardous Events; 11.6.1 Solid Waste Collection; 11.7.1 Accessibility to Open Public Area; 11.7.2 Public Space Safety for Women; 16.1.1 Homicide rate; 16.1.3 Population subjected to Violence.] |
| Data reporter |
Kenya National Bureau of Statistics] |
| Organisation |
Kenya National Bureau of Statistics] |
| Contact person(s) |
Director, Population and Social Statistics] |
| Contact organisation unit |
Directorate of population and Social Statistics] |
| Contact person function |
Conducting the Population and Housing Census every ten years, and such other censuses and surveys as the Board may determine] |
| Contact mail |
dpss@knbs.or.ke] |
| Contact email |
dpss@knbs.or.ke] |
| Definition and concepts |
The housing sector together with its institutions, laws and regulations, is one that touches every single aspect of the economy of a country and has interface with practically every social development sector. Naturally,people living in adequate homes have better health, higher chances to improve their human capital and seize the opportunities available in urban contexts. A housing sector that performs well acts as a ‘development multiplier’ benefiting complementary industries, contributing to economic development, employment generation, service provision and overall poverty reduction. Inadequate housing thus remains a global challenge in in ensuring citizens have access to better living conditions and also benefiting from other ‘development multiplier’ services. As per the 2030 Agenda, it is necessary to identify and quantify the proportion of the population that live in slums, informal settlements and those living in inadequate housing in order to inform the development of the appropriate policies and programmes for ensuring access for all to adequate housing and the upgrading of slums. |
| Unit of measure |
Proportion (percentage)] |
| Data sources |
Data for the slum/informal settlements components of the indicator can be computed from the Census and Kenya Integrated Household Budget Survey (KIHBS).] |
| Data collection method |
The computation of this indicator is mainly based on analysis of existing data sources including population and housing censuses and household surveys that contain information on all five components of slum: improved water, improved sanitation, durable housing, sufficient living area and secure tenure. Nationally representative household surveys, which typically collect information on water, sanitation and housing conditions i.e. Kenya Integrated Household Budget Survey (KIHBS) |
| Data collection calendar |
Every 10 years] |
| Data release calendar |
Every 10 years] |
| Data providers |
Kenya National Bureau of Statistics] |
| Data compilers |
Kenya National Bureau of Statistics] |
| Institutional mandate |
Kenya National bureau of Statistics] |
| Rationale |
Most of the criteria for defining slums, informal settlements and inadequate housing overlap. The three criteria of informal settlements are essentially captured in the definition of slums, which sustains the combination of both (slums/informal settlements). Both aspects of slums and informal settlements are therefore combined into one component of the indicator, providing some continuity with what was captured under MDG 7. Later, a composite index will be developed that will incorporate all measures (combining slum/informal settlements and inadequate housing) and provide one estimate. On inadequate housing, seven criteria of adequate housing, the three that are not covered by slums / informal settlements are affordability, accessibility and cultural adequacy. Affordability is the most relevant and easier to measure. Housing affordability is not only a key housing adequacy criterion, but is a suitable means of measuring inadequate housing in a more encompassing manner, as it remains a global challenge across different countries and income levels, with strong negative impact on urban inequality. The underlying principle is that household financial costs associated with housing should not threaten or compromise the attainment and satisfaction of other basic needs such as, food, education, access to health care, transport, etc. Based on the existing method and data of UN-Habitat’s Urban Indicators Program (1996-2006), unaffordability is currently measured as the net monthly expenditure on housing cost that exceeds 30% of the total monthly income of the household.] |
| Comment and limitations |
|
| Method of computation |
The two components to be computed are as follows:
The unit of measurements for all these indicators is percent ( %).] |
| Validation |
Data compiled is checked against several criteria including the data sources used, the application of internationally agreed definitions, classification and methodologies to the data from that source, etc.] |
| Methods and guidance available to countries for the compilation of the data at the national level |
A step-by-step data compilation and computation methodological document applicable at national level and developed by UN-Habitat is available at: https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/2020/06/indicator_11.1.1_training_module_adequate_housing_and_slum_upgrading.pdf. ] |
| Quality management |
The Bureau being ISO 9001:2015 certified, has a quality management system in place that ensures that data produced meets the set international standards. The detailed tutorials, which will be continuously updated are available at https://unhabitat.org/knowledge/data-and-analytics, https://www.urbanagendaplatform.org/learning, and https://data.unhabitat.org/. |
| Quality assurance |
The Bureau adheres to Kenya Statistical Quality Assurance Framework (KeSQAF) that ensures statistics produced meets the need of the users] |
| Quality assessment |
In adherence to the ISO 9001:2015 requirements the Bureau carries out it’s own internal audits based on KeSQAF Guidelines that ensures high quality statistics are produced. |
| Data availability and disaggregation |
Available from the Census and KIHBS reports at the county level] |
| Comparability/deviation from international standards |
None, the Bureau adheres to the Kenya Statistical Quality Assurance Framework (KeSQAF) that ensures statistics produced meets the need of the users] |
| References and Documentation |
[1]:http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/natlinfo/indicators/methodology_sheets.pdf [2]: http://unhabitat.org/urban-indicators-guidelines/ [3]:http://mdgs.un.org/unsd/mdg/Metadata.aspx?IndicatorId=0&SeriesId=710 [4]: http://unhabitat.org/urban-initiatives/initiatives-programmes/participatory-slum-upgrading/ [5]: http://unhabitat.org/slum-almanac-2015-2016/ [6]: http://wcr.unhabitat.org/ [7]: http://www.unhabitat.org/programmes/guo/documents/EGM final report 4 Dec 02.pdf ] |
| Metadata last updated | Feb 09, 2024 |